RELATED WORK¶
The emergence of low Earth orbit (LEO) mega-constellations demands a better networking structure to enhance efficiency. Studies [13], [14] have used traffic engineering through the cooperation of multiple satellites to improve throughput but face the problem of detour.
Investigating the design of networking and routing plays a vital role in improving throughput and further enhancing constellation utilization. The +Grid configuration proposed by Wood et al. [15] in the early stages of the low-orbit satellite networking structure [15] is still widely used today. Wu et al. [16] have manually expanded the default +Grid into four variants. Their efforts targeted constellations with much sparser satellite densities than today and mainly considered polar orbits. The 2π constellation structure they designed can efficiently solve the constellation seam connectivity problem. However, the formation of a large number of nodes in the low-orbit constellation has exponentially increased the scale of the problem, and the traditional method is no longer suitable.
Recent studies, such as that of Bhattacherjee et al. [11], have exploited repetitive patterns in network topologies to avoid expensive link variations over time while still providing near-minimum latency. Bhattacherjee et al. [11] also made a attempt by using the random graph algorithm, which brings huge overhead of ISL turbulence under this problem. Chen et al. [17] have optimized the delay by setting up different gateways. However, these approachs do not break through the uniform topology of the space network segment. Deepa et al. [18] have combined software-defined networking (SDN) to explore the possibility of dynamic configuration and put forward a high demand for the interoperability of ISL and communication equipment.Other works, such as those in [13],
[14] use traffic engineering through the cooperation of multiple satellites to improve throughput, but this brings the problem of detour. Studying the design of networking plays a crucial role in reducing hops in satellite network.
Most of the past work related to satellite dynamic networks
[15], [19], [20] was proposed for satellite-to-ground switching, and there were few works that could dynamically match the ground demand network with design of networking. Thus, there is a need for more research on topological matching algorithms that can efficiently match the distribution of users in satellite network.
低轨道（LEO）超大型星座的兴起对更高效的网络结构提出了更高要求。已有研究 [13], [14] 通过多颗卫星协同进行流量工程优化，以提升网络吞吐量，但面临路径绕行（detour）问题。
网络结构与路由策略的优化在提升吞吐量和增强星座利用率方面至关重要。Wood 等人 [15] 在低轨卫星网络架构的早期阶段提出的 +Grid 配置至今仍被广泛采用。Wu 等人 [16] 在此基础上手动扩展了四种变体，但其研究针对的是卫星密度远低于当前水平的星座，并主要考虑了极轨星座。他们设计的 2π 星座结构在一定程度上能够有效解决星座接缝（seam）连接问题。然而，在当今大规模低轨星座中，节点数量的急剧增加使得问题规模呈指数级增长，传统方法已难以适用。
近期研究，例如 Bhattacherjee 等人 [11]，利用网络拓扑中的重复模式来避免频繁变化的昂贵链路开销，同时提供近乎最小的通信时延。然而，他们尝试采用随机图算法进行优化，导致星际链路（ISL）发生剧烈变化，带来了较大的开销。Chen 等人 [17] 通过设置不同的网关优化了传输时延，但其方法仍未突破空间网络段的均匀拓扑限制。Deepa 等人 [18] 结合软件定义网络（SDN）探索了动态配置的可能性，并对 ISL 及通信设备的互操作性提出了较高的要求。其他研究 [13], [14] 采用多颗卫星协同进行流量工程以提升吞吐量，但同样面临路径绕行的问题。因此，网络结构的优化对于减少卫星网络中的跳数至关重要。
现有的大多数关于卫星动态网络的研究 [15], [19], [20] 主要聚焦于 卫星-地面切换，鲜有能够 动态匹配地面需求与卫星网络架构 的研究。因此，仍然需要更多关于 拓扑匹配算法 的研究，以有效匹配卫星网络中的用户分布，提高整体通信效率。
TL; DR
已有工作:
+Grid Variation: 卫星密度远低于当前水平的，已过时Repetitive pattern: 使用随机图算法优化，导致ISL发生剧烈变化Setting up different gateways: 未突破传统网络均匀拓扑的限制Satellite SDN: 对设备的互操作性提出了过高的要求
我们的工作:
确保卫星网络拓扑动态匹配地面用户需求 -> 拓扑匹配算法