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Related Work

Anchor-based IP mobility management. The IETF work groups have standardized many RFCs for using anchors to handle mobility management problem [11], [13]–[15], [21], [22] in WiFi networks. In cellular networks, anchors also play a big role in the evolution of communication technologies (e.g., from 4G to 5G) [47], [48]. UbiFlow [49] uses distributed controllers to manage mobility of devices in the software defined Internet of things (IoT). Recent works [50], [51] attempt to extend these solutions to ISTNs by setting location management functions at GSs. Due to a lack of consideration for the network infrastructure mobility, location updates may fail, leading to low availability. In [52], a user sets the first access satellite as the anchor. However, authors do not consider the mobility of anchors, reducing other network performance.

基于锚点的IP移动性管理。IETF工作组已标准化了许多RFC，用于通过锚点处理WiFi网络中的移动性管理问题[11]、[13]–[15]、[21]、[22]。在蜂窝网络中，锚点在通信技术演进中也扮演着重要角色（例如，从4G到5G）[47]、[48]。UbiFlow[49]使用分布式控制器来管理软件定义物联网（IoT）中设备的移动性。

  1. 近年来的研究[50]、[51]尝试 通过在地面站（GS）设置位置管理功能，将这些解决方案扩展到ISTN中
    • 然而，由于未考虑网络基础设施的移动性，位置更新可能失败，导致可用性降低
  2. 在[52]中，用户 将第一个接入卫星设置为锚点，但作者未考虑锚点的移动性 ，从而降低了其他网络性能 (类似于上文的NDMM)

Anchorless IP mobility management. NDM proposed in [53] reduces the overhead of mobility management by managing users’ handover in batches, but users need to reacquire IP addresses after handovers. There has been an attempt to break the constraints of binding identifier and locator in one IP address to support mobility management [54], [55] but fails to be popularized due to high deployment cost. This idea inspired recent efforts [56], which embed user’s geo-location in IP address to reduce the impact of mobility. However, a geo-location may be covered by multiple satellites, and this last-hop ambiguity problem leads to routing failure.

无锚点IP移动性管理。

1) 在[53]中提出的NDM通过 批量管理用户的切换来减少移动性管理的开销，但用户在切换后需要重新获取IP地址 。

有研究尝试打破将标识符和定位器绑定在一个IP地址中的限制，以支持移动性管理[54]、[55]，但由于高昂的部署成本，未能得到广泛推广

2) 这个思路启发了近期的工作[56]，即将用户的地理位置嵌入IP地址中，以减少移动性对网络的影响。然而， 一个地理位置可能被多个卫星覆盖，这种最后一跳的不确定性问题会导致路由失败 。